Camera techniques

SHUTTER SPEED 
- the amount of time that the shutter is open when taking a photograph
- affects the amount of light entering the lens / the brightness of the photo
- it is measured in seconds / fractions of seconds
- eg: 1/25 is a 25th of a second
- the bigger the denominator of the fraction shown, the faster the shutter speed
- camera shake may be an issue when using long shutter speeds, so tripods are used to prevent it

    This photo is of car lights with a slow shutter speed.

This photo has been taken with a fast shutter speed 

This photo has been taken using the technique 'panning'.
This is where you use a slow shutter speed, but move with the subject at the same speed, so the background blurs out but the subject is in focus.



APERTURE 
- the size of the opening that allows light in
- the 'f number'
- it is measured in f-stops
- the 'f number' tells you how much of the lens is covering the hole
- the bigger the f number, the smaller the hole
- eg: f/20 = big aperture = small hole = less light

ISO-
'International Standards Organisations'- Indicates your digital camera’s sensitivity to light. - the more light there is, the higher the ISO number
- if the ISO number isn't correct according to your surroundings, the 'noise' will make your pictures look grainy and pixelated.

This image shows the comparison of the difference that the ISO setting can make.